sugar 音标拼音: [ʃ'ʊgɚ]
n . 糖,糖块,甜言蜜语
vt . 加糖于,使甜蜜,粉饰,美化
vi . 制成糖
糖,糖块,甜言蜜语加糖于,使甜蜜,粉饰,美化制成糖
sugar n 1 :
a white crystalline carbohydrate used as a sweetener and preservative [
synonym : {
sugar }, {
refined sugar }]
2 :
an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals ;
includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances ;
are classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they contain [
synonym : {
carbohydrate }, {
saccharide }, {
sugar }]
3 :
informal terms for money [
synonym : {
boodle }, {
bread }, {
cabbage },
{
clams }, {
dinero }, {
dough }, {
gelt }, {
kale }, {
lettuce },
{
lolly }, {
lucre }, {
loot }, {
moolah }, {
pelf }, {
scratch },
{
shekels }, {
simoleons }, {
sugar }, {
wampum }]
v 1 :
sweeten with sugar ; "
sugar your tea " [
synonym : {
sugar },
{
saccharify }]
Sugar \
Sug "
ar \,
n . [
OE .
sugre ,
F .
sucre (
cf .
It .
zucchero ,
Sp .
az ['
u ]
car ),
fr .
Ar .
sukkar ,
assukkar ,
fr .
Skr . [,
c ]
arkar [=
a ]
sugar ,
gravel ;
cf .
Per .
shakar .
Cf . {
Saccharine }, {
Sucrose }.]
1 .
A sweet white (
or brownish yellow )
crystalline substance ,
of a sandy or granular consistency ,
obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants ,
as the sugar cane ,
sorghum ,
beet root ,
sugar maple ,
etc .
It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and drink .
Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose .
See the Note below .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
The term sugar includes several commercial grades ,
as the white or refined ,
granulated ,
loaf or lump ,
and the raw brown or muscovado .
In a more general sense ,
it includes several distinct chemical compounds ,
as the glucoses ,
or grape sugars (
including glucose proper ,
dextrose ,
and levulose ),
and the sucroses ,
or true sugars (
as cane sugar ).
All sugars are carbohydrates .
See {
Carbohydrate }.
The glucoses ,
or grape sugars ,
are ketone alcohols of the formula {
C6H12O6 },
and they turn the plane of polarization to the right or the left .
They are produced from the amyloses and sucroses ,
as by the action of heat and acids of ferments ,
and are themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol and carbon dioxide .
The only sugar (
called acrose )
as yet produced artificially belongs to this class .
The sucroses ,
or cane sugars ,
are doubled glucose anhydrides of the formula {
C12H22O11 }.
They are usually not fermentable as such (
cf . {
Sucrose }),
and they act on polarized light .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
By extension ,
anything resembling sugar in taste or appearance ;
as ,
sugar of lead (
lead acetate ),
a poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweet taste .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render acceptable something obnoxious ;
honeyed or soothing words .
[
Colloq .]
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Acorn sugar }.
See {
Quercite }.
{
Cane sugar },
sugar made from the sugar cane ;
sucrose ,
or an isomeric sugar .
See {
Sucrose }.
{
Diabetes sugar },
or {
Diabetic sugar } (
Med .
Chem .),
a variety of sugar (
grape sugar or dextrose )
excreted in the urine in diabetes mellitus ; --
the presence of such a sugar in the urine is used to diagnose the illness .
{
Fruit sugar }.
See under {
Fruit },
and {
Fructose }.
{
Grape sugar },
a sirupy or white crystalline sugar (
dextrose or glucose )
found as a characteristic ingredient of ripe grapes ,
and also produced from many other sources .
See {
Dextrose },
and {
Glucose }.
{
Invert sugar }.
See under {
Invert }.
{
Malt sugar },
a variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose ,
found in malt .
See {
Maltose }.
{
Manna sugar },
a substance found in manna ,
resembling ,
but distinct from ,
the sugars .
See {
Mannite }.
{
Milk sugar },
a variety of sugar characteristic of fresh milk ,
and isomeric with sucrose .
See {
Lactose }.
{
Muscle sugar },
a sweet white crystalline substance isomeric with ,
and formerly regarded to ,
the glucoses .
It is found in the tissue of muscle ,
the heart ,
liver ,
etc .
Called also {
heart sugar }.
See {
Inosite }.
{
Pine sugar }.
See {
Pinite }.
{
Starch sugar } (
Com .
Chem .),
a variety of dextrose made by the action of heat and acids on starch from corn ,
potatoes ,
etc .; --
called also {
potato sugar }, {
corn sugar },
and ,
inaccurately , {
invert sugar }.
See {
Dextrose },
and {
Glucose }.
{
Sugar barek },
one who refines sugar .
{
Sugar beet } (
Bot .),
a variety of beet ({
Beta vulgaris })
with very large white roots ,
extensively grown ,
esp .
in Europe ,
for the sugar obtained from them .
{
Sugar berry } (
Bot .),
the hackberry .
{
Sugar bird } (
Zool .),
any one of several species of small South American singing birds of the genera {
Coereba },
{
Dacnis },
and allied genera belonging to the family {
Coerebidae }.
They are allied to the honey eaters .
{
Sugar bush }.
See {
Sugar orchard }.
{
Sugar camp },
a place in or near a sugar orchard ,
where maple sugar is made .
{
Sugar candian },
sugar candy . [
Obs .]
{
Sugar candy },
sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized ;
candy made from sugar .
{
Sugar cane } (
Bot .),
a tall perennial grass ({
Saccharum officinarium }),
with thick short -
jointed stems .
It has been cultivated for ages as the principal source of sugar .
{
Sugar loaf }.
(
a )
A loaf or mass of refined sugar ,
usually in the form of a truncated cone .
(
b )
A hat shaped like a sugar loaf .
[
1913 Webster ]
Why ,
do not or know you ,
grannam ,
and that sugar loaf ? --
J .
Webster .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Sugar maple } (
Bot .),
the rock maple ({
Acer saccharinum }).
See {
Maple }.
{
Sugar mill },
a machine for pressing out the juice of the sugar cane ,
usually consisting of three or more rollers ,
between which the cane is passed .
{
Sugar mite }. (
Zool .)
(
a )
A small mite ({
Tyroglyphus sacchari }),
often found in great numbers in unrefined sugar .
(
b )
The lepisma .
{
Sugar of lead }.
See {
Sugar },
2 ,
above .
{
Sugar of milk }.
See under {
Milk }.
{
Sugar orchard },
a collection of maple trees selected and preserved for purpose of obtaining sugar from them ; --
called also ,
sometimes , {
sugar bush }. [
U .
S .] --
Bartlett .
{
Sugar pine } (
Bot .),
an immense coniferous tree ({
Pinus Lambertiana })
of California and Oregon ,
furnishing a soft and easily worked timber .
The resinous exudation from the stumps ,
etc .,
has a sweetish taste ,
and has been used as a substitute for sugar .
{
Sugar squirrel } (
Zool .),
an Australian flying phalanger ({
Belideus sciureus }),
having a long bushy tail and a large parachute .
It resembles a flying squirrel .
See Illust .
under {
Phlanger }.
{
Sugar tongs },
small tongs ,
as of silver ,
used at table for taking lumps of sugar from a sugar bowl .
{
Sugar tree }. (
Bot .)
See {
Sugar maple },
above .
[
1913 Webster ]
Sugar \
Sug "
ar \,
v .
i .
In making maple sugar ,
to complete the process of boiling down the sirup till it is thick enough to crystallize ;
to approach or reach the state of granulation ; --
with the preposition off . [
Local ,
U .
S .]
[
1913 Webster ]
Sugar \
Sug "
ar \,
v .
t . [
imp . &
p .
p . {
Sugared };
p .
pr . &
vb .
n .
{
Sugaring }.]
1 .
To impregnate ,
season ,
cover ,
or sprinkle with sugar ;
to mix sugar with . "
When I sugar my liquor ." --
G .
Eliot .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
To cover with soft words ;
to disguise by flattery ;
to compliment ;
to sweeten ;
as ,
to sugar reproof .
[
1913 Webster ]
With devotion '
s visage And pious action we do sugar o '
er The devil himself . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
111 Moby Thesaurus words for "
sugar ":
ambrosia ,
angel ,
artificial sweetener ,
babe ,
baby ,
baby -
doll ,
blackstrap ,
blunt ,
boodle ,
brass ,
bread ,
bucks ,
buttercup ,
cabbage ,
calcium cyclamate ,
candy ,
cane syrup ,
carbohydrate ,
cherub ,
chick ,
chickabiddy ,
chips ,
clover honey ,
comb honey ,
corn syrup ,
cyclamates ,
darling ,
dear ,
deary ,
dinero ,
doll ,
dough ,
duck ,
duckling ,
dulcify ,
edulcorate ,
edulcoration ,
gelt ,
gilt ,
glaze ,
grease ,
green ,
green stuff ,
hon ,
honey ,
honey bunch ,
honey child ,
honeycomb ,
honeydew ,
honeypot ,
hydroxy aldehyde ,
hydroxy ketone ,
jack ,
kale ,
lamb ,
lambkin ,
love ,
lover ,
maple syrup ,
mazuma ,
molasses ,
monosaccharide ,
moolah ,
mopus ,
mull ,
nectar ,
oil of palms ,
ointment ,
oof ,
ooftish ,
pet ,
petkins ,
polysaccharide ,
polysaccharose ,
precious ,
precious heart ,
rhino ,
rocks ,
saccharide ,
saccharification ,
saccharify ,
saccharin ,
scratch ,
shekels ,
simoleons ,
smash ,
snookums ,
sodium cyclamate ,
sorghum ,
spondulics ,
starch ,
stuff ,
stumpy ,
sugar off ,
sugar -
making ,
sugarcoat ,
sugaring off ,
sweet ,
sweeten ,
sweetener ,
sweetening ,
sweetheart ,
sweetie ,
sweetkins ,
sweets ,
syrup ,
the needful ,
tin ,
treacle ,
trisaccharide ,
wampum
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